Well, after a lengthy break involving a trip to Scotland, we are back in business! I also learned that I don’t remember as much about VMware troubleshooting as I used to when I encountered a failed vCenter server, but that is a story for another time.

In this post we will be installing a couple bits of supporting software. Metallb is a load balancer which will allow us to give out a block of IP addresses to K8S services, which can be a fairly easy way to interact with kubernetes services. Cert-manager is a bit of software that will allow us to create SSL certificates through let’s encrypt.

MetalLB

There are a couple of things that are worth getting familiar with. First, be comfortable with a text editor. I will be posted a number of files that you will need to copy and modify. Second, I would learn a little about git. I have a repository that you can feel free to clone here.

To install Metallb, we will first install the manifest.

kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/metallb/metallb/v0.13.4/config/manifests/metallb-native.yaml

Note the static URL above, it may be worth heading over to https://metallb.universe.tf/installation/ for updated instructions.

Next, we need to configure MetalLB by editing the following file:

apiVersion: metallb.io/v1beta1
kind: IPAddressPool
metadata:
  name: first-pool
  namespace: metallb-system
spec:
  addresses:
  - 192.168.0.221 - 192.168.0.229
---
apiVersion: metallb.io/v1beta1
kind: L2Advertisement
metadata:
  name: example
  namespace: metallb-system

Edit the above and change the addresses. The binding is handled by the L2Advertisement. Because the is not a selector that calls out first-pool, all of them are used. Obviously, your addresses should be in the same subnet as your K8s nodes. You can apply the config with:

kubectl apply -f metallb-config.yaml

That’s it, on to cert-manager.

Cert-Manager

the cert manager installation is best done with helm. Helm similar to a package manager for kubernetes. Installation is rather straight forward on Ubuntu. Of course snap seems to be a rather hated tool, but it does make things easy:

sudo snap install helm --classic

And the installation of cert-manager can be done with:

helm repo add jetstack https://charts.jetstack.io
helm repo update
helm install \
   cert-manager jetstack/cert-manager \
   --namespace cert-manager \
   --create-namespace \
   --set installCRDs=true

That’s it! Now we just need to configure it. Configurations will be handled with certificate issuers, which simply tell cert-manager how to generate a certificates. Don’t worry about the specific network plumbing just yet (we will cover that in the next post). I use 3 issuers: prod (let’s encrypt), staging, and self-signed. Take a look at the following and edit as needed:

apiVersion: cert-manager.io/v1
kind: ClusterIssuer
metadata:
  name: letsencrypt-prod
  namespace: cert-manager
spec:
  acme:
    # The ACME server URL
    server: https://acme-v02.api.letsencrypt.org/directory
    # Email address used for ACME registration
    email: chris@ccrow.org
    # Name of a secret used to store the ACME account private key
    privateKeySecretRef:
      name: letsencrypt-prod
    # Enable the HTTP-01 challenge provider
    solvers:
    - http01:
        ingress:
          class: nginx
---
apiVersion: cert-manager.io/v1
kind: ClusterIssuer
metadata:
 name: letsencrypt-staging
 namespace: cert-manager
spec:
 acme:
   # The ACME server URL
   server: https://acme-staging-v02.api.letsencrypt.org/directory
   # Email address used for ACME registration
   email: chris@ccrow.org
   # Name of a secret used to store the ACME account private key
   privateKeySecretRef:
     name: letsencrypt-staging
   # Enable the HTTP-01 challenge provider
   solvers:
   - http01:
       ingress:
         class:  nginx
---
apiVersion: cert-manager.io/v1
kind: ClusterIssuer
metadata:
  name: selfsigned-cluster-issuer
spec:
  selfSigned: {}

The emails above should be changed. It is also worth noting that I have combined 3 different manifests by separating them with ‘—‘ . You can apply the config with:

kubectl apply -f cert-issuer.yaml

That will do it! We are ready to move on to configuring our first service.